For each participant, a design assignment involving two stages—divergent thinking (generating ideas) and convergent thinking (evaluating ideas)—focused on designing a tool for painting material storage. Performance across two distinct phases was evaluated based on six creative indices (fluency, flexibility, adaptability, feasibility, usefulness, and novelty), and on overall design creativity (ODC).
Analysis of variance, one-way, with Bonferroni post-hoc correction, indicated that neither music environment had a substantial influence on divergent thinking in idea generation or convergent thinking during idea evaluation. Still, both sonic environments yielded a significantly positive impact on originality and ODC.
Our current results' impact on enhancing designers' creative capabilities is a subject of our discussion.
The effects of our present findings on improving designers' creative proficiency are scrutinized.
Science centers and museums fulfill a vital social mission by engaging the public with science and technology essential for addressing the complexities of societal problems, often termed 'wicked problems'. To highlight a method for developing exhibitions about challenging issues such as personalized medicine, we used the instance of personalized medicine. The methodology's foundation rests in dynamic theories of interest development, defining interest as a multifaceted construct integrating knowledge, personal and general behavioral patterns, values, self-efficacy, and emotional responses. The mixed-methods design of the methodology permits (1) exploring the predictive relationship between background variables and interest, (2) determining the interest dimensions that predict individual interest, and (3) highlighting the most influential interest dimensions. To design a survey on public interest in personalized medicine (N=341, age 19-89, diverse socioeconomic backgrounds), we first conducted focus groups with participants (N=16, age 20-74, low socioeconomic status). Survey data network analysis demonstrates that the diverse emotional responses and knowledge about subtopics, although present, do not serve as central components within the multi-dimensional interest model. In contrast to other elements, fundamental values and behaviors (connected to the understanding of scientific research) appear to be promising avenues for prompting situational interest, which could have an impact on a more enduring individual interest in the longer term. For applications in personalized medicine, these results are tailored. We explore the potential applications of study results, employing the presented methodology, for exhibition design.
Smart device use is ubiquitous among preschool-aged children, a testament to the generational shift in technology adoption. Preschoolers' smart device addiction, a growing concern, has prompted this study to examine the contributing factors affecting children aged two to five. Data gathered from a survey of 236 Chinese parents, structured by the protection-risk model, were meticulously analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling techniques. It is shown that parental regulation of emotions substantially and negatively affects children's depression and social withdrawal, while positively affecting parental self-control and their intention to participate in outdoor activities. Children's depressive symptoms and social withdrawal significantly and positively correlate with smart device addiction, while parental self-control and outdoor activities have no discernible effect. Moreover, a mediating effect exists between parental emotional management and children's smart device addiction, specifically through children's social withdrawal and depressive tendencies; however, parental self-control and outdoor activity plans do not mediate this relationship. This research offers a new angle on the factors that fuel children's smart device addiction, supplying a theoretical foundation for effectively addressing this addiction problem.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered (LGBT) communities confront marginalization and a lack of scholarly attention. read more To better comprehend the necessities of those confronting the HIV epidemic, analyzing global research endeavors is paramount. Evaluating the worldwide research on HIV among LGBT individuals involved examining research partnerships, the subjects studied, and discernible tendencies.
Through the Web of Science Core Collection database, peer-reviewed original articles and review papers were accessed. By leveraging VOSviewer software, the frequency of words and the country's collaborations were effectively illustrated. By employing the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and linear regression model, the study aimed to uncover concealed themes and inspect the course of research.
The years 1990 to 2019 demonstrated a total of 13096 discovered publications. The study period's LGBT research highlighted the significance of stigma, HIV testing, and sexual risk behaviors. Amidst fifteen explored topics, decreasing interest was observed in HIV/Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) prevalence, HIV/AIDS care and treatment outcomes, and opportunistic infections in the HIV-positive LGBT community, while other topics witnessed a slight to moderate increase in attention.
Our investigation emphasized a significant increase in published works addressing the LGBT community in HIV research, and stressed the need for regional collaborative efforts to improve research capacity. read more Research should also be conducted to explore methods of enhancing HIV testing and treatment access, coupled with creating and executing cost-effective and scalable HIV prevention strategies.
Our investigation highlighted the escalating number of publications focused on the LGBT population within HIV research, and underscored the necessity of regional partnerships to bolster research capabilities. Furthermore, future research must target the exploration of strategies to increase the prevalence of HIV testing and treatment, coupled with the development of cost-effective and easily scalable HIV interventions.
While entrepreneurship can counteract extreme poverty, the establishment of a business remains a struggle for impoverished people, frequently stemming from the lack of entrepreneurial avenues. The literature on poverty and entrepreneurship is currently indecisive about the origin of such opportunities for impoverished people. To overcome this knowledge lacuna, we leveraged the perspective of opportunity co-creation to scrutinize the influence of opportunity co-creation on the entrepreneurial efficacy of the impoverished and its multifaceted pathways of influence. Our research employed a multi-stage mediation model, including a survey of 330 impoverished entrepreneurs from the Wuling Mountain region—a formerly impoverished area within China's 14 contiguous poverty-stricken regions—until 2020's national announcement of extreme poverty eradication. The structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that the creation of opportunities directly benefits the entrepreneurial performance of the poor, and this impact is further amplified through the mediating influence of opportunity beliefs and entrepreneurial actions. The research findings underscore that co-creation of opportunities is an indispensable element for entrepreneurs in disadvantaged localities to overcome the scarcity of entrepreneurial opportunities, contributing also to a more nuanced comprehension of views on opportunities and entrepreneurial behavior. These outcomes, consequently, hold important ramifications for entrepreneurs experiencing poverty, developing opportunities for co-creation to combat poverty via entrepreneurial pathways.
Vehicle support systems, in their development, can frequently neglect the individual situated in the front passenger seat. Few systems exist that specifically cater to passenger information and interaction needs. Past investigations highlighted a correlation between passenger passivity and a tendency towards discomfort, likely attributable to the absence of pertinent information and decision-making power within the driving context. Different aspects of cognitive processes, as previously modeled, are investigated in this paper concerning their potential for a technical system to address passenger discomfort. Five prototype passenger assistance systems are created, providing absent information (for example, concerning the driver's attentiveness) or augmenting passenger control. read more These systems were examined, concerning their impact on discomfort measurements, in a static simulator study with 40 participants. On the highway, participants sequentially experienced car-following and braking scenarios, utilizing differing time headways (a within-subjects factor), and with or without a passenger assistance system (a between-subjects factor). The subjective experience of each situation identified three systems as particularly helpful in mitigating discomfort. These indicators exhibited the driver's concentration, the safety margin between vehicles, and the opportunity to inform the driver of a problematic following distance. Across a range of time headways, the most effective proposals dramatically decreased passenger discomfort within the tested Following and Braking scenarios. Post-inquiry data analysis showed that more than 64% of the surveyed passengers reported the rating system's effectiveness in alleviating discomfort, and about 75% of them expressed interest in its use in their personal vehicles. By focusing on passenger needs, this exemplifies ways to enhance the daily driving experience, progressing beyond the limitations of conventional assistance systems.
Utilizing attribution theory, this research applied regression analysis to investigate the potential double-edged sword of leader self-sacrifice on employee job performance, uncovering possible detrimental effects. The study revealed a negative correlation: when employees doubted the authenticity of leadership self-sacrifice, employees viewed leadership as hypocritical. This decreased employees' levels of organizational citizenship behavior.